Comparison of live coral cover comparing 1998, 2004 and 2005 for Anono Marine Reserve and Avatele. Source Kronen et al. 2008. Extracted from Niue's 2018 SOE
Niue's marine managed areas in Niue. Source Govan et al. 2009 (Govan, H. et al. 2009. Status and potential of locally-managed marine areas in the South Pacific: Meeting nature conservation and sustainable livelihoods targets through wide-spread implementation of LMMAs. Study Report. Component 3A-Project 3A3. Coral Reef Initiatives for the Pacific. SPREP/WWF/WorldFish-Reefbase/CRISP. 95pp + 5 annexes). Other information also extracted from Niue's 2018 State of Environment (SOE) report
The Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation completed field research for one of the largest coral reef studies in history: the Global Reef Expedition. The Expedition travelled around the globe surveying some of the most remote reefs on the planet, conducting research to assess coral reef ecosystem health and resiliency.
The Global Reef Expedition visited many countries in the Pacific Ocean to assess the health and resiliency of their coral reef ecosystems. See links below for more information, reports and maps.
Status of the Coral Reefs in the Pacific and Outlook. Reports by the Global Coral Reef Network in collaboration with UNEP, IUCN and other agencies
Dataset that provides a direct internet link and resources pertaining to the CBD Global Coral Portal - a window to various sources of information on the status of coral reefs and the range of commitments, initiatives, and actions at different scales to protect and sustainably manage coral reefs and closely associated ecosystems in support of the achievement of the Aichi Biodiversity Targets and the Sustainable Development Goals.
"Comparison of the average hard coral cover between the three five-year periods comprising the last 15 years (2005-09, 2010-14, 2015-19, Tab. 9.3) indicated that there was a high degree of confidence (93%) in the long-term decline, despite the uncertainty in individual yearly estimates. Further, the vast majority (90%) of this decline occurred between 2010-14 and 2015-19, suggesting that the rate of decline in hard coral cover has accelerated during the last five years"